päikesekreem

Päikesekreem, commonly known as sunscreen or sunblock, is a topical product designed to protect the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. It is widely used to prevent sunburn, skin aging, and reduce the risk of skin cancer. The term originates from Estonian, where "päike" means "sun" and "kreem" means "cream."

Sunscreens work by either absorbing or reflecting UV radiation. Chemical sunscreens contain organic compounds that absorb UV rays, converting them into heat, while physical (or mineral) sunscreens use inorganic particles like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide to block and reflect UV rays. Broad-spectrum sunscreens protect against both UVA and UVB rays, which cause different types of skin damage.

The effectiveness of sunscreen is measured by its Sun Protection Factor (SPF), which indicates how well it protects against UVB rays. A higher SPF (e.g., SPF 30 or SPF 50) provides greater protection, though no sunscreen offers 100% protection. Additionally, some sunscreens include a UVA protection rating, such as the PA system in Japan, where more plus signs (+) indicate stronger UVA defense.

Regular use of sunscreen is recommended, especially during prolonged sun exposure. Factors like water resistance, sweat resistance, and reapplication frequency should be considered when choosing a product. Overuse or misuse of sunscreen, such as applying excessive amounts or relying solely on it without other sun protection measures, may lead to skin irritation or other issues.

Sunscreen is an essential component of sun safety alongside seeking shade, wearing protective clothing, and using sunglasses. It is particularly important for individuals with fair skin, those prone to sunburn, or those with a history of skin cancer. Proper application and reapplication are key to maximizing its protective benefits.