puuvillase

Puuvillase is the term used for cotton fiber, a natural textile fiber obtained from the seeds of cotton plants, mainly from the Gossypium genus. It is the most widely used natural fiber, prized for softness, comfort, and versatility. The fiber consists mostly of cellulose and forms the raw material for a broad range of textiles and industrial products.

Cotton fibers are soft, flexible, and highly breathable, with excellent moisture absorption. They have a good drape and can be woven or knitted into many fabrics. They tend to wrinkle and lose strength when wet, but regain strength after drying. The fiber length (staple) varies, which influences texture and strength. Cotton yarns and fabrics can be finished to improve luster, dye uptake, and durability; mercerization increases sheen and strength.

Cotton grows in warm climates with long growing seasons. After harvest, ginning separates lint from seeds; lint is cleaned, carded, and spun into yarn. Fabrics are made by weaving or knitting, and finishing steps may include bleaching, dyeing, and mercerization. Cotton fibers are also used in nonwoven textiles and medical products.

Cotton is widely used for clothing, bed linens, towels, and upholstery. It is easy to wash and dye, but may shrink after first washing. Care usually involves machine washing with mild detergents; high heat can cause shrinkage, and colorfastness depends on dye and finish.

Cotton farming requires substantial land, water, and pesticides in conventional systems, leading to sustainability concerns. Efforts to reduce impact include organic cotton, improved irrigation, and better pest management. Major cotton producers include China, India, the United States, Pakistan, and Brazil, with global supply chains providing fibers for apparel and textiles worldwide.