pulmonaalihypertensioon

Pulmonaalihypertensioon is a medical term referring to high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs and the right side of the heart. This condition makes it harder for the heart to pump blood through the lungs, leading to increased pressure. The causes of pulmonaalihypertensioon can be varied and are often categorized into different groups. These include conditions like left heart disease, lung diseases such as COPD or interstitial lung disease, chronic blood clots in the lungs (pulmonary thromboembolism), and other rare causes. In some cases, the cause remains unknown, which is termed idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Symptoms of pulmonaalihypertensioon can include shortness of breath during activity, fatigue, dizziness or fainting spells, chest pain, swelling in the ankles and legs, and a bluish tint to the lips and skin. The progression of the disease can lead to heart failure. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and various tests. These tests may include an echocardiogram to assess heart function, a pulmonary function test to evaluate lung capacity, and a right heart catheterization, which is the most accurate way to measure pressures in the pulmonary arteries.

Treatment for pulmonaalihypertensioon aims to manage symptoms, slow the progression of the disease, and improve quality of life. Treatment strategies depend on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Medications may be prescribed to relax blood vessels, reduce blood clots, or manage fluid retention. In severe cases, lung transplantation might be considered. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for improving outcomes in individuals with pulmonaalihypertensioon.