prokaiin

Procaine is a local anesthetic drug of the ester type. It is used primarily to treat toothaches, to lessen pain during dental work, and in some countries to treat other pains, such as during childbirth or surgery. It is sometimes used recreationally, but this is not recommended. Procaine was synthesized by Alfred Einhorn in 1905. It was developed as a substitute for cocaine, which was commonly used at the time but had significant drawbacks and addictive properties. Einhorn named it Novocaine, from the Latin word "novus" meaning new.

Procaine works by blocking nerve signals in the body. When injected, it prevents pain signals from reaching the brain. It is typically administered via injection. The effects of procaine are relatively short-lived compared to some other local anesthetics. It is metabolized in the plasma and liver by pseudocholinesterase enzymes. Side effects can include dizziness, nausea, and allergic reactions in some individuals. Due to its ester structure, procaine is more prone to allergic reactions than amide-type anesthetics like lidocaine.

In the medical field, procaine's use has largely been superseded by newer and more effective local anesthetics. However, it may still be used in specific situations or in certain regions of the world. It has also been explored for its potential in alternative medicine practices, though scientific evidence supporting these uses is often limited. The recreational use of procaine is associated with risks and is not a recognized medical application.