probationary

Probationary refers to a state or period of testing used to determine whether a person or thing meets required standards. It is most commonly attached to employment, but can apply to licenses, credentials, or memberships.

In employment, a probationary period is a defined span at the start of employment during which an employer evaluates the new employee’s performance, conduct, reliability, and fit with organizational expectations. The duration is set by policy or contract, commonly three to six months, but it varies by jurisdiction and employer. During this time, employees may have limited job security, eligibility for benefits, or grievance rights, depending on law and policy. If performance is satisfactory, the employee is usually granted permanent or regular status with full rights; if not, the probation may be extended, a demotion may occur, or the employment may be terminated.

Beyond hiring, probationary status can appear in licensing or certifications, where a temporary license allows practice under supervision or with conditions until competence is demonstrated. In civil service or education, probation may affect tenure, permanent appointment, or continued eligibility. In all cases, terms are typically governed by statutes, regulations, or collective agreements, and supervisors are usually required to provide feedback and opportunities to improve.

The concept is intended to balance timely evaluation with fair treatment, though critics argue it can be used to avoid due process. Because the specifics vary by jurisdiction and organization, probationary provisions should be reviewed in relevant contracts, policies, or rules.