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Prediabetes is a health condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes. It is a significant risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Prediabetes often has no noticeable symptoms, making it difficult to detect without a medical screening. The condition arises when the body's cells become resistant to insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar, or when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin.

Several factors can increase the risk of developing prediabetes, including being overweight or obese, having a sedentary lifestyle, a family history of type 2 diabetes, and certain ethnicities. Age is also a factor, with the risk increasing after age 45. Women who have had gestational diabetes also have a higher risk.

Diagnosing prediabetes typically involves blood tests such as the fasting plasma glucose test, the A1C test, or the oral glucose tolerance test. Lifestyle modifications are the cornerstone of managing prediabetes and preventing progression to type 2 diabetes. These include adopting a healthy diet, increasing physical activity, and achieving and maintaining a healthy weight. In some cases, medication may be recommended. Early detection and intervention can significantly improve health outcomes and reduce the risk of serious complications.