postbirth

Postbirth refers to the period after childbirth. In medical usage, the term most closely aligns with the postpartum period, also known as the puerperium, which typically lasts about six weeks after delivery. The period begins immediately after the baby is born and ends when the reproductive organs have largely returned to their pre-pregnant state, though some processes can take longer and ovulation may resume before menstruation.

During postbirth, the body undergoes several rapid changes. The uterus contracts and gradually involutes to its pre-pregnant size. Vaginal bleeding, known as lochia, occurs and gradually diminishes. Hormone levels fall from pregnancy levels, which can affect mood and energy. Breast changes occur as milk production begins, and many people experience breast fullness or engorgement, especially if breastfeeding.

Postpartum care includes routine medical follow-up, usually about six weeks after delivery, to assess physical recovery, screen for mental health issues, and discuss contraception, infant feeding, and safety. Immediate postpartum care in hospital involves monitoring for abnormal bleeding, infection, blood pressure changes, and pain. Education on infant care and recognition of warning signs is commonly provided.

Mental health in the postbirth period is a key concern. Postpartum depression and anxiety can affect bonding and functioning. Screening and appropriate treatment, including counseling and, when suitable, medications compatible with breastfeeding, are recommended in many healthcare settings.

Common complications during the postbirth period include postpartum hemorrhage, infection, thromboembolism, urinary or wound complications, and lactation-related issues such as mastitis or engorgement. Awareness of warning signs—heavy bleeding, fever, severe headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, or foul discharge—is important for timely medical evaluation.

Terminology wise, postpartum is the more widely used term; postbirth is less common but may appear in some sources.