possums

Possums is a common name used for two distinct groups of marsupials. In the Americas, “possum” or “opossum” refers to species of the order Didelphimorphia, the best known being the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana). In Australia and New Zealand, “possums” refers to several arboreal marsupials, including the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) and various ringtail and tree possums.

Opossums in the Americas are native to a wide range of habitats from forests to urban areas. They are generally omnivorous, feeding on fruit, insects, small vertebrates, eggs, carrion, and even human refuse. They are nocturnal and solitary, with a prehensile tail that aids in climbing. Reproduction is distinctive: a short gestation of roughly 12–14 days produces underdeveloped young that crawl into a maternal pouch to continue development for several weeks. Young may remain attached to a teat for a month or more and then continue to ride on the mother’s back. Opossums can have multiple litters in favorable conditions and are known for their ability to “play dead” when threatened.

Australian and New Zealand possums are typically arboreal and nocturnal, with diets ranging from leaves and fruit to flowers and insects, depending on species. They possess good climbing abilities and, in many species, a prehensile tail. The reproductive pattern is similar to other marsupials, with underdeveloped young finishing development in the pouch. Many possums are adaptable to urban environments but face threats from habitat loss, disease, and competition with introduced species; some species are protected, while others are managed as pests where they impact crops or native ecosystems.