portolano

A portolano is a type of nautical chart or map that was commonly used during the Age of Discovery and the early modern period. The term "portolano" is derived from the Italian word "portolano," which means "pilot" or "navigator." These maps were typically created by pilots or navigators who had extensive experience in navigating the seas, and they were designed to assist sailors in their voyages.

Portolanos were characterized by their detailed and accurate depictions of coastlines, harbors, and other navigational features. They often included information about currents, winds, and other environmental factors that could affect a voyage. Additionally, portolanos sometimes included illustrations of ships, landmarks, and other points of interest.

One of the most famous examples of a portolano is the "Portolano" map created by the Portuguese cartographer Pedro Teixeira in the late 15th century. This map is notable for its detailed and accurate depiction of the coast of Portugal and the surrounding seas.

Portolanos played a crucial role in the exploration and colonization of the world during the Age of Discovery. They provided sailors with the information they needed to navigate uncharted waters and establish new colonies. However, the use of portolanos declined in the 17th century as more advanced and accurate maps became available.