poníení
Poníení, often written ponížení in Czech and poníženie in Slovak, corresponds to the English term humiliation. It designates the act, process, or experience of lowering another person’s dignity or self-respect. Poníení can be intentional or unintentional and may occur in private, public, or digital contexts.
Etymology: the noun derives from the verb ponížit (Czech) or ponížiť (Slovak), formed with the prefix po-
Contexts and effects: common forms include verbal insults, shaming, social exclusion, public ridicule, or bureaucratic or
Response and prevention: addressing poníení involves promoting respectful communication, clear anti-harassment policies, and bystander intervention. In