pollaxes

The pollaxe is a medieval pole weapon. It typically consists of a long shaft, usually made of wood, topped with a steel head. The head of a pollaxe is often a complex assembly of different components. It commonly features a hammer on one side, designed for crushing blows, and a spike or axe blade on the other. A long spike, known as a beak or demi-lune, often projects from the top of the shaft, used for piercing armor. Some pollaxes also incorporate a spike on the back of the axe head or a fluke.

Pollaxes were primarily used by infantry and knights from the late Middle Ages onwards. Their design allowed for great versatility in combat, capable of striking, piercing, and bludgeoning opponents. The length of the shaft provided reach, keeping the wielder at a safe distance from an opponent while still delivering powerful blows. They were effective against both armored and unarmored targets. The pollaxe saw significant use in battle and tournaments. Its effectiveness against plate armor made it a formidable weapon for its era. While it eventually fell out of widespread use with the advent of firearms, it remains a notable weapon in the history of European warfare.