axe

An axe is a tool with a head (blade) affixed to a handle, used for chopping wood, felling trees, splitting bundles, and shaping material. The blade is ground to a wedge-shaped edge, and the head is typically forged from steel. The handle, or haft, is usually made of wood such as hickory or ash, though composite materials are common in modern models. The word "axe" derives from Old English æx, from Proto-Germanic roots, cognate with similar terms in other Germanic languages.

Axe types: The felling axe is designed for cutting across wood fibers to fell trees; the splitting axe splits wood along the grain; the broad or hewing axe has a wide, flat blade for removing waste or shaping large timbers; a hatchet is a small hand tool for one-handed use; carpenter’s axes are specialized for woodworking; a fireman's axe has a pointed pick and hammerhead.

History: Stone-age axes existed as hand axes. Metal axes emerged in the Bronze and Iron Ages, replacing stone in most tasks. They served both as tools and weapons; Vikings popularized large, robust axes for combat and work. Today axes are primarily forestry, construction, and outdoor gear tools, with artistic and historical significance.

Manufacture and care: Axes are hafted by a wedge and secured to the handle; maintenance includes keeping the edge sharp, removing rust, and ensuring the head is securely fastened. Safety: use proper stance, keep the blade away from the body, wear eye protection, and use a suitable chopping block to prevent kickback.