policloruros

Policloruros is a term used to describe chemical substances that contain multiple chlorine atoms. In practice, it is most commonly applied to organic compounds in which chlorine is substituted on carbon atoms, as well as to chlorinated polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The word derives from the Greek prefix poly- meaning many and chlorine, reflecting the multiple chlorine atoms present in these substances.

Most discussions of policloruros focus on organic chlorinated compounds, including chlorinated hydrocarbons, chlorinated pesticides, and chlorinated polymers. Well-known examples include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), various organochlorine pesticides, and polyvinyl chloride. By contrast, inorganic chlorides (such as table salt, sodium chloride) are technically chlorides but are not typically grouped under the same umbrella of organochlorinated pollutants.

Properties of policloruros are diverse but many share common characteristics: persistence in the environment, low solubility in water and higher affinity for fats, and a tendency to bioaccumulate in living organisms. These features can lead to long-term ecological and health concerns, including potential neurotoxic, endocrine-disrupting, and carcinogenic effects, depending on the specific compound and exposure level. They can enter ecosystems through industrial discharge, product use, or byproducts of combustion and waste incineration.

Regulation and management of policloruros emphasize reducing release, restricting use, and preventing exposure. International agreements and national regulations address persistent organic pollutants and hazardous chlorinated compounds, with ongoing efforts to replace harmful substances and improve waste treatment and recycling practices. Related topics include PCBs, PVC, and the broader class of organochlorine pesticides and byproducts such as dioxins and furans.