pitvarfibrillációt

Pitvarfibrilláció, commonly known as atrial fibrillation or AFib, is the most frequent type of sustained cardiac arrhythmia. It is characterized by irregular and often rapid heartbeats originating in the atria, the upper chambers of the heart. Instead of a coordinated electrical impulse originating from the sinoatrial node, the atria quiver or fibrillate. This chaotic electrical activity prevents the atria from contracting effectively, leading to blood pooling.

The consequences of AFib can include a reduced cardiac output due to the inefficient pumping action of the atria. More significantly, the irregular blood flow within the atria increases the risk of blood clot formation. These clots can then travel to other parts of the body, potentially causing a stroke or other embolic events. Common symptoms of AFib can include palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness, and chest pain, though some individuals may experience no symptoms at all.

Several factors can contribute to the development of AFib, including advanced age, high blood pressure, heart failure, coronary artery disease, thyroid disorders, sleep apnea, and excessive alcohol consumption. The diagnosis typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG) to record the heart's electrical activity. Treatment strategies aim to control the heart rate, restore a normal heart rhythm if possible, and prevent blood clots. Medications such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and anticoagulants are commonly used. In some cases, procedures like electrical cardioversion or catheter ablation may be considered.