petalen

Petalen is the Dutch term for the petals of a flower, the individual leaf-like structures that surround the reproductive organs. In English, these are called petals (singular: petal). Collectively, petals form the corolla of a flower and are often highly conspicuous, colored, and scented to attract pollinators.

Petals vary widely in size, shape, color, and texture. They can be free from one another or fused into a tube or shield-like structure. The flattened part of a petal is called the lamina, and petals are typically arranged in a whorl around the flower’s reproductive organs. Some species also have petaloid sepals or showy bracts that resemble petals.

Development and function are closely linked. Petals arise from the floral meristem in the second whorl during flower formation. Their color, pattern, and scent serve to attract pollinators and guide them toward the stamens and pistils. Pigments such as anthocyanins and carotenoids, along with ultraviolet patterns, contribute to their appearance and signaling.

Variation in petal form is widespread and often adaptive. Petals may be large or small, broad or narrow, simple or fused, and may have shapes that favor particular pollination syndromes. In some flowers, petals are reduced or absent, while in others the petals are highly specialized for specific ecological interactions.

Human observers value petals for horticulture, floristry, and symbolism. They influence garden design, crop yields through pollination, and industries such as perfumery and cut flowers.