partikkelointi

Partikkelointi, translated as particleization in several disciplines, is the process of turning a bulk material into discrete particles. The term covers a range of physical and chemical methods that reduce particle size, modify morphology, or isolate particles from a solution or melt. In materials science and chemical engineering, partikkelointi includes milling and grinding (attrition milling, jet milling, ball milling), atomization (gas atomization, spray drying), precipitation and crystallization, and fragmentation during drying or processing. The result is a distribution of particle sizes and shapes, often characterized by metrics such as mean diameter and percentile sizes; agglomeration and aggregation are common challenges.

Applications span pharmaceuticals (where particle size influences dissolution rate and bioavailability), pigments and coatings, catalysts, ceramics, and energy storage materials. Process conditions such as temperature, humidity, media, and energy input determine the final particle size distribution and morphology, as well as surface properties and porosity. Controlling these factors is essential for process stability and product performance.

Measurement and control of particle characteristics rely on several techniques. Particle size distribution is commonly assessed by laser diffraction, dynamic light scattering, or sieving, while morphology is examined with electron or optical microscopy. Surface area and porosity can be evaluated by methods such as BET analysis. Instrumentation is often complemented by process monitoring to ensure consistency across batches.

In practice, partikkelointi aims to tailor particle characteristics to meet performance requirements while managing issues such as moisture sensitivity, flowability, and safety risks associated with fine powders.