panners

Panners are individuals who recover mineral particles from alluvial deposits by washing sediment in a pan. The term most often refers to those who search for placer gold by hand, but it can also apply to people seeking other dense minerals in river gravels. Panning is a traditional and low-impact form of prospecting practiced in gold-bearing regions around the world.

Technique typically involves a shallow pan filled with gravel and water. The pan is submerged and swirled in a circular motion to suspend lighter material while heavier particles settle to the bottom. Repeated washing and careful tilting concentrate heavier grains, which may include gold or other dense minerals. The final concentrate is often panned again to separate the valuable portion from lighter debris, sometimes with the aid of a snuffer bottle or tweezers.

Equipment usually centers on a shallow metal or plastic pan, about 10 to 15 inches in diameter. Panners may use a classifier to screen out large material, a shovel, a small scoop, and tools for collecting and transporting concentrates. Basic safety gear and waterproof boots are common, along with basic accessories to collect and examine samples.

History and scope: Panning became closely associated with the gold rushes of the 19th century, notably in California and Alaska, and continues today as a recreational activity and a preliminary step in small-scale placer mining. Its appeal lies in simplicity and accessibility rather than large-scale production.

Regulation and sustainability: Panning is subject to land use, water rights, and environmental protections. In many places it is allowed on public rivers with restrictions to protect habitats and avoid conflicts over claims. Responsible panning emphasizes minimizing disturbance to streams and adhering to local rules.