pankreasit

Pankreasit is a colloquial term used in some regions to refer to inflammation of the pancreas, medically known as pancreatitis. This condition can be acute, meaning it occurs suddenly and is often severe, or chronic, meaning it develops over time and can cause lasting damage. The pancreas is a gland located behind the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin. When the pancreas becomes inflamed, these enzymes can start to digest the pancreas itself, leading to pain and other symptoms.

The causes of pancreatitis vary. Acute pancreatitis is most commonly caused by gallstones blocking the bile duct, which shares a pathway with the pancreatic duct, or by heavy alcohol consumption. Other causes can include certain medications, high triglyceride levels, infections, and abdominal injury. Chronic pancreatitis often results from long-term, heavy alcohol use or repeated episodes of acute pancreatitis. Genetic factors and autoimmune diseases can also play a role.

Symptoms of acute pancreatitis typically include severe upper abdominal pain that may radiate to the back, nausea, vomiting, and fever. In severe cases, it can lead to complications like infection, cysts, or damage to other organs. Chronic pancreatitis may present with persistent or recurring abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, and difficulties with digestion due to insufficient enzyme production, which can lead to malnutrition. Diagnosis usually involves blood tests to check for elevated pancreatic enzymes, imaging studies such as CT scans or ultrasounds, and sometimes an MRI. Treatment depends on the severity and cause, often involving hospitalization, pain management, fluid replacement, and dietary changes. In chronic cases, enzyme replacement therapy and lifestyle modifications are crucial.