ovulación

Ovulation is the process where a mature egg is released from one of the ovaries. This event is a crucial part of the female reproductive cycle and is typically triggered by hormonal changes, specifically a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH). The egg travels down the fallopian tube, where it can be fertilized by sperm. If fertilization does not occur, the egg disintegrates and is shed from the body along with the uterine lining during menstruation.

The timing of ovulation varies among individuals but usually occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle, approximately 14 days before the start of the next period in a typical 28-day cycle. Recognizing ovulation can be helpful for those trying to conceive or for avoiding pregnancy. Common signs and symptoms that can indicate ovulation include a slight rise in basal body temperature, changes in cervical mucus consistency (becoming thinner, clearer, and more stretchy), and mild pelvic discomfort or pain, sometimes referred to as mittelschmerz.

Various methods can be used to track ovulation, such as calendar methods, basal body temperature charting, and ovulation predictor kits that detect the LH surge in urine. Understanding ovulation is fundamental to reproductive health and family planning.