osseointegroitua

Osseointegroitua describes a state in which an implanted device has formed a direct, functional bond with living bone, with no intervening fibrous tissue. The English term is osseointegration.

Implants used are typically made of titanium or titanium alloys. The process involves initial healing and bone remodeling at the implant surface, which may be promoted by surface roughening, coatings, or micro-porosity. Successful osseointegration yields a stable, load-bearing interface capable of transferring forces from device to bone.

Common applications include dental implants for tooth replacement and bone-anchored prostheses for limbs or facial prostheses. Osseointegroitua can reduce reliance on removable sockets or special adhesives and can improve stability and proprioception.

Outcomes depend on patient factors such as bone quality, smoking, and systemic disease, as well as surgical technique and postoperative care. Complications can include infection, implant loosening, and peri-implantitis, and some implants fail to integrate.

The concept emerged from early work by Per-Ingvar Brånemark in the 1950s and 1960s, leading to modern dental implants and bone-anchored devices. Ongoing research focuses on surface engineering, alternative materials, and planning methods to expand indications and improve longevity.