operatsioonvõimendid

Operatsioonvõimendid, often abbreviated as op-amps, are fundamental building blocks in analog electronic circuits. They are high-gain, direct-coupled, differential voltage amplifiers with a single-ended output. The core characteristic of an op-amp is its ability to amplify the difference between two input voltages. It has two input terminals: a non-inverting input (usually denoted by '+') and an inverting input (usually denoted by '-'). The output voltage is proportional to the difference between the voltages at these two inputs, multiplied by the op-amp's very high open-loop gain.

Ideal op-amps possess infinite open-loop gain, infinite input impedance, and zero output impedance. In practice, real op-amps have very high but finite gain, high but finite input impedance, and low but finite output impedance. They also require a power supply, typically a dual positive and negative supply, to operate. The behavior of an op-amp in a circuit is largely determined by its feedback configuration. By applying negative feedback from the output to the inverting input, the op-amp can be made to perform a wide variety of functions, such as amplification, filtering, integration, and differentiation. This feedback mechanism allows for precise control over the circuit's overall gain and other characteristics, making op-amps incredibly versatile components in countless electronic applications, from audio amplifiers to sophisticated control systems.