obklopeno

Obklopeno is the neuter singular past passive participle of the Czech verb obklopit, meaning to surround or enclose. It denotes a state in which something has been surrounded by something else and is typically used in predicative constructions, especially with the verb být (to be).

Etymology and form: obklopeno is formed from obklopit plus the standard past participle suffix. The neuter singular form is used with neuter nouns, while masculine and feminine forms exist for other grammatical genders (for example obklopený for masculine, obklopená or obklopena for feminine). The participle can function as an adjective or as part of a predicate with být, describing how a subject is situated.

Usage: obklopeno is commonly used to describe geographic, architectural, or metaphorical surroundings. It appears in formal, descriptive, or literary register. Typical constructions include subject je obklopeno [by what], often followed by a genitive or instrumental phrase indicating what surrounds.

Examples:

- Město je obklopeno hradbami. (The town is surrounded by walls.)

- Záliv je obklopeno ostrůvky. (The gulf is surrounded by islets.)

- Území je obklopeno vysokými horami. (The territory is surrounded by high mountains.)

Related forms and notes: obklopit is the infinitive verb, while obklopeno, obklopený (masculine), obklopená/obklopena (feminine) provide the common gendered variants of the past passive participle. The term is predominantly used in contexts describing containment, proximity, or encirclement and can be used metaphorically as well as literally.