nõod

Nõod are traditional Estonian stringed instruments that belong to the lute family. They are characterized by their pear-shaped body, fretted neck, and a distinctive tuning system. The word "nõod" translates to "strings" in English, which reflects the instrument's primary feature.

The most common type of nõod is the *viiulinõod*, a six-stringed instrument similar in appearance to a mandolin but with a different tuning and playing technique. It is often used in folk music and has a bright, resonant sound. Another variant is the *kannelinõod*, a larger, eight-stringed instrument with a deeper tone, sometimes compared to a guitar or a small lute.

Nõod have a rich history in Estonian folk music, dating back centuries. They were commonly played during festivals, weddings, and other cultural gatherings. The instrument's design has evolved over time, but its core structure remains rooted in traditional craftsmanship. Luthiers traditionally crafted nõod from wood, often using spruce for the top and cypress or maple for the back and sides, though modern versions may incorporate other materials.

The playing style of the nõod involves plucking the strings with a plectrum or fingernails, producing both melodic and rhythmic patterns. Its tuning can vary, but a common setup for the viiulinõod is G-D-A-E-A-D, while the kannelinõod often follows a similar pattern but with an added string for richer harmonies.

Today, nõod remain an important part of Estonian musical heritage, though they are less commonly heard in everyday settings compared to other instruments. They are occasionally featured in contemporary folk revivals and are sometimes adapted into hybrid instruments that blend traditional and modern elements. Enthusiasts and musicians continue to preserve and promote the nõod as a symbol of Estonian cultural identity.