négykerékmeghajtás

négykerékmeghajtás, often abbreviated as 4WD or AWD, is a drivetrain system that powers all four wheels of a vehicle. This system enhances traction and stability, particularly in challenging driving conditions such as snow, mud, sand, or off-road terrain.

There are typically two main types of four-wheel-drive systems: full-time and part-time. Full-time systems continuously send power to all four wheels, often with a mechanism to distribute torque between the front and rear axles. Part-time systems, on the other hand, allow the driver to manually engage or disengage the front wheels. This distinction is important for fuel efficiency and wear on certain components.

Vehicles equipped with four-wheel-drive often feature a transfer case, which allows for different gear ratios, including a low-range gear for extreme off-road situations. Advanced four-wheel-drive systems can also incorporate electronic or mechanical locking differentials, which ensure that if one wheel loses traction, power is still delivered to the wheels that have grip.

The benefits of four-wheel-drive include improved acceleration on slippery surfaces, enhanced braking stability, and superior capability in off-road environments. However, these systems can add weight, complexity, and potentially reduce fuel economy compared to two-wheel-drive vehicles.