twowheeldrive

Two-wheel drive (2WD) is a drivetrain configuration that delivers engine power to two wheels of a vehicle. The two primary forms are front-wheel drive (FWD) and rear-wheel drive (RWD). In FWD layouts, the engine powers the front wheels through a transaxle, typically located at the front of the vehicle. In RWD layouts, a driveshaft transmits power from the engine to the rear differential, which drives the rear wheels.

Advantages of 2WD include simpler mechanics, lower weight, reduced manufacturing cost, and often better fuel economy due to fewer drivetrain losses. 2WD layouts can also provide more space in the engine bay because there is no need for a rear driveshaft. In contrast, four-wheel drive and all-wheel drive systems improve traction and stability in poor conditions but add weight, cost, and complexity.

Disadvantages include reduced traction in snow, ice, and mud compared with AWD/4WD. Front-wheel drive can understeer when accelerating on slippery surfaces, while rear-wheel drive can oversteer under certain conditions. In severe or variable weather, 2WD is often outperformed by all-wheel-drive systems.

Applications vary by vehicle type and market. Most modern passenger cars use FWD, while some performance cars and light trucks use RWD. In regions with harsh winters, many buyers opt for AWD, but 2WD remains common in budget models, commercial vehicles, and applications where weight and cost savings are prioritized.