nonhollow

Nonhollow describes objects or structures that do not contain internal cavities; rather they are solid throughout. In materials science, nonhollow particles or cores are solid, dense, and continuous, in contrast to hollow or shell-like particles that have inner cavities and thin outer walls. The absence of internal voids leads to higher bulk density and typically greater mechanical stiffness for a given external size, though exact properties depend on material, morphology, and porosity of the solid.

In nanotechnology and catalysis, nonhollow nanoparticles include solid metal or oxide spheres and nanorods, used where mass and chemical stability are important. Hollow nanostructures, by contrast, are exploited for high surface area, light weight, and encapsulation capabilities. The choice between nonhollow and hollow forms depends on application requirements such as density, strength, thermal conductivity, and surface accessibility.

Nonhollow materials are generally simpler to synthesize and may be cheaper to produce because they avoid the steps needed to create and remove hollow cores. Characterization of nonhollow objects often involves imaging and methods for detecting internal voids, such as transmission electron microscopy, X-ray tomography, or density measurements. Examples include solid polymer beads, dense metal nanoparticles without shell structures, and compact ceramic granules used in composites. Related terms include solid, compact, and hollow; distinguishing between these forms helps inform material design and performance expectations.