nivelleringsstang

A nivelleringsstang, also known as a leveling staff or stadia rod, is a crucial tool in surveying and construction. It is a graduated rod, typically made of wood, metal, or fiberglass, with markings that indicate precise measurements. The primary function of a nivelleringsstang is to serve as a target for a leveling instrument, such as a dumpy level or an automatic level.

During a leveling operation, the surveyor places the nivelleringsstang vertically on a point whose elevation needs to be determined or on a point of known elevation. The leveling instrument is then set up at an intermediate position. The surveyor sights the nivelleringsstang through the instrument and reads the measurement indicated on the staff where the horizontal crosshair of the instrument intersects it. This reading, combined with the height of the instrument above its known benchmark, allows for the calculation of the elevation of the point where the staff is placed.

Nivelleringsstænger come in various lengths, with common heights being 3 or 5 meters. They are often designed in two sections that can be extended to achieve the required height. The graduations on the staff are typically in centimeters or millimeters, allowing for highly accurate readings. The markings are usually in contrasting colors, such as red and white or black and white, to ensure visibility in different lighting conditions. Special patterns, like the E-shaped markings on some staves, are used for longer distances. The nivelleringsstang is an indispensable component for determining differences in elevation and establishing horizontal control in engineering and land surveying projects.