nitrocelluloosilakka

Nitrocellulose lacquer, known in Finnish as nitrocelluloosilakka, is a fast-drying clear coating used on wood, metal, and some plastics. It consists primarily of nitrocellulose dissolved in a volatile solvent system, often with plasticizers to impart flexibility. The film forms quickly as the solvent evaporates, producing a hard, glossy finish that can be built up in multiple coats.

Historically, nitrocellulose lacquers emerged in the early 20th century and became widely adopted in automotive, musical instrument, and furniture finishes due to their rapid drying and ability to produce high gloss. Despite competition from newer systems, nitrocellulose lacquers remain in use, particularly in restoration, traditional applications, and certain high-gloss finishes that require precise leveling and repair.

Composition and properties vary by formulation, but typical components include nitrocellulose, plasticizers (which improve film flexibility and reduce cracking), resins, pigments for color, and a mixture of solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, and toluene. The resulting film offers good adhesion and a bright, durable surface, but it can become brittle over time and may show yellowing with age or exposure to ultraviolet light. It also requires careful handling to avoid solvent entrapment and uneven curing.

Safety and environmental considerations are important: nitrocellulose lacquers are highly flammable and release solvent vapors that can be hazardous when inhaled. They should be used in well-ventilated areas with appropriate fire protection and proper storage away from ignition sources. In many modern applications, water-based or polyurethane alternatives have supplanted solvent-based nitrocellulose lacquers due to durability and environmental concerns.