nanori

Nanori is a traditional Japanese system of naming individuals, particularly children, that differs from the more common family name (kōon) system. Unlike Western naming conventions where a single name is typically used, Japanese names often consist of two parts: the first name (given name) and the family name. In the case of nanori, the given name is chosen based on the child’s birth order and gender, following specific naming conventions.

For boys, the first name is derived from the first syllable of the child’s birth order number. For example, the firstborn son is called "Kazunari" (一), the second "Shun" (二), the third "Riku" (三), and so on. For girls, the naming follows a similar pattern but uses different kanji, such as "Yuki" (一) for the firstborn daughter, "Mio" (二) for the second, and "Aoi" (三) for the third.

Nanori is not legally required in Japan but is widely used in everyday life, especially among family and friends. It helps distinguish individuals when family names are shared, particularly in large households. Over time, some individuals may adopt a different nanori or even a Western-style name, but the traditional system remains culturally significant.

The practice of nanori reflects Japan’s emphasis on familial bonds and the importance of naming conventions in social interactions. While modern influences have led to variations, the core principles of birth-order-based naming persist in many households.