namasankirtana

Namā-sankirtana refers to the congregational chanting of the divine names, a devotional practice found in Hinduism, especially within Vaishnava traditions. The term combines nama (“name”) and sankirtana (“congregational chanting” or “enlarged singing”). The practice centers on repeated, collective recitation or singing of sacred names as a means to spiritual realization, purification, and loving devotion to the divine.

Origins and doctrinal context: Namā-sankirtana was emphasized in medieval and early modern Vaishnava teachings, and it is closely associated with the teachings of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in 16th-century Bengal. In Gaudiya Vaishnavism, the chanting of the holy names is regarded as a central, accessible path to awakening love of God (prema) for Krishna, open to all regardless of social background.

Practice and elements: The practice is commonly conducted in temples, ashrams, or public spaces as a kirtan or bhajan session. Participants sing in chorus, often with rhythmic accompaniment such as harmonium, mridanga, kartal, or cymbals. The format frequently includes a lead singer and a call-and-response structure, fostering communal participation. Some settings also incorporate silent or meditative repetition of the names within a group context.

Contemporary use: Nama-sankirtana is a hallmark of many Vaishnava communities today, including ISKCON, where congregational chanting programs are central to devotional life. It also appears in broader Hindu devotional practices that emphasize repeating the divine names rather than other forms of mantra recitation.

See also: Kirtan, Bhajan, Japa, Hare Krishna.