nahapõletikud

Nahapõletikud, also known as dermatitis, refers to a group of inflammatory conditions affecting the skin. These conditions can manifest in various ways, including redness, itching, dryness, scaling, blistering, and cracking. The causes of dermatitis are diverse and can be broadly categorized into irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and stasis dermatitis, among others.

Irritant contact dermatitis occurs when the skin is exposed to substances that directly damage its outer layer, such as harsh soaps, detergents, or chemicals. Allergic contact dermatitis, on the other hand, is an immune system reaction to an allergen that has come into contact with the skin, like poison ivy or certain metals. Atopic dermatitis, commonly known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease often associated with a genetic predisposition and other allergic conditions like asthma and hay fever. Seborrheic dermatitis typically affects oily areas of the body, such as the scalp, face, and chest, causing flaky, yellowish scales. Stasis dermatitis develops in individuals with poor circulation, often in the lower legs, due to fluid buildup.

Diagnosis of the specific type of dermatitis usually involves a physical examination of the skin and a review of the patient's medical history and potential exposures. Treatment strategies vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. They often include avoiding triggers, using topical corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory medications, moisturizing the skin, and, in some cases, oral medications or phototherapy. Maintaining good skin hygiene and hydration is generally recommended to manage symptoms and prevent flare-ups.