muutuvkuponga
Muutuvkuponga is an ethnographic term used to describe a structured, reciprocal exchange system observed in some societies. It refers to a recurring event during which households contribute goods, labor, or resources to a communal pool and receive distributions based on agreed criteria, such as need, kinship ties, or social role.
The word is reported to come from a language spoken in a highland region where communal sharing
Documentation began in ethnographic field studies during the late 20th century, with the practice most often
In typical cycles, a preparation phase precedes pooling, followed by redistribution that may prioritize households with
The practice is seen as a mechanism for risk pooling, social reinforcement, and intergenerational knowledge transfer,
In contemporary settings, some communities formalize muutuvkuponga through written agreements or integrate it with broader welfare