moorhens

Moorhens are a group of medium-sized water birds belonging to the genus Gallinula within the family Rallidae, which also includes rails and coots. The most common species is the Common Moorhen, Gallinula chloropus, also known as the Waterhen or Swamp Chicken. Other species include the American Moorhen, the Lesser Moorhen, and the Makasar Moorhen.

These birds are widespread and found in freshwater habitats such as ponds, lakes, rivers, and marshes, often with dense vegetation. They have a predominantly dark plumage, typically blackish or dark brown, with a distinct white stripe along their flanks. A key characteristic is their red frontal shield, a fleshy patch of skin on their forehead, and a red bill with a yellow tip. Their legs are greenish or yellowish, with long, unwebbed toes adapted for walking on soft mud and vegetation.

Moorhens are omnivorous, feeding on a varied diet of plant matter, seeds, insects, snails, and small fish. They are often seen foraging in shallow water or along the edges of their habitat, dabbling for food. They are generally shy birds but can become quite bold, especially in areas where they are accustomed to human presence.

Breeding typically occurs in spring and summer. Moorhens build their nests in dense vegetation near the water's edge, constructing them from reeds and other plant materials. Both parents participate in incubation and raising the young. The chicks are precocial and can swim and feed themselves shortly after hatching. Moorhens are strong fliers and some populations undertake migratory journeys.