Waterhen

Waterhen is a common name for several species of water birds in the rail family (Rallidae). The most widely used reference is the common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus), a medium-sized bird with dark brown to black plumage, a distinctive red frontal shield on the bill, and greenish-yellow legs. Adults measure about 34–38 cm in length and weigh roughly 0.4–0.7 kg; juveniles are brown with pale speckling.

Waterhens inhabit freshwater wetlands such as lakes, ponds, marshes, and river edges with dense emergent vegetation. They are proficient swimmers and foragers on or just below the water surface, feeding on a mix of plant matter (leaves, stems, seeds) and animal prey (invertebrates, small fish). They may venture onto mudflats and lawns for accessible food.

Breeding usually occurs in reeds and other wetland vegetation. Nests are platforms built on vegetation over water or near the bank, and are incubated by both parents. Clutches typically contain 4–9 eggs. Chicks are precocial and can swim soon after hatching.

Conservation status: The common moorhen has a broad distribution and is currently listed as least concern globally, though local populations can decline due to habitat loss, pollution, and predation.

Taxonomy: Waterhen refers to birds in the genus Gallinula within Rallidae; the term is often used for Gallinula chloropus, with regional variation in usage for related gallinules.