molestation

Molestation is a term used to describe unlawful sexual conduct or behavior toward another person, typically a child or other vulnerable individual, that is unwanted or non-consensual. In legal and clinical usage, it often refers to actions by an adult or older adolescent that involve sexual touching, exposure, or coercive behavior. Definitions vary by jurisdiction and may include touching of genitals, buttocks, or breasts; non-touch acts such as forcing a person to watch sexual activity or engage in sexual provocation; or other coercive sexual behavior.

Molestation is usually criminalized under laws covering child sexual abuse, sexual assault, indecent contact, or similar offenses. Penalties can include imprisonment, fines, probation, and, in many places, mandatory registration as a sex offender. Professionals such as teachers, doctors, and social workers are often subject to mandatory reporting laws when they suspect abuse.

Victims are most often children, but certain vulnerable adults can also be affected. Many cases are not reported due to fear, shame, power imbalances, or manipulation by the offender. Indicators for caregivers may include sudden changes in behavior, withdrawal, nightmares, or sexualized behavior in children; for adults with disabilities, indicators vary. If abuse is suspected, contact local authorities, child protective services, or emergency services. Support for survivors may include medical care, psychological counseling, and legal advocacy.

Prevention focuses on education about boundaries, supervision, safe environments, and clear reporting procedures in schools, care facilities, and families. Molestation is distinct from related crimes such as exploitation or trafficking, though the offenses can overlap in power dynamics and harm.