miriápode

Miriapode is a taxonomic subphylum of arthropods that includes millipedes, centipedes, and their relatives. The name "miriapode" is derived from Greek words meaning "many feet," referring to the characteristic segmented bodies and numerous appendages of these creatures. Miriapodes are found in terrestrial environments worldwide, inhabiting a wide range of habitats from forests and grasslands to deserts and caves.

There are over 13,000 known species of miriapodes, divided into four classes. The Chilopoda, or centipedes, are carnivorous predators with one pair of legs per body segment, except for the first segment behind the head and the last two segments. They possess venomous claws called forcipules. The Diplopoda, or millipedes, are detritivores that primarily feed on decaying plant matter. They have two pairs of legs per body segment, a result of the fusion of adjacent segments. The Pauropoda are small, delicate creatures, also detritivores, with an appearance resembling tiny millipedes. The Symphyla are small, centipede-like animals that can be found in soil and leaf litter, often feeding on plant roots.

Miriapodes play crucial roles in their ecosystems. Millipedes and pauropods contribute to decomposition by breaking down organic matter, enriching the soil. Centipedes, as predators, help control populations of smaller invertebrates. Their diverse adaptations and ecological functions highlight their importance within the arthropod phylum.