miniFGDs

MiniFGDs, or mini focus group discussions, are a qualitative data collection method used in social sciences, public health, development research, and market research. They bring together a small group of participants—typically four to eight, with four to six being common—to discuss a topic guided by a moderator using a semi-structured topic guide. The goal is to elicit perceptions, experiences, and attitudes through interaction among participants, while allowing deeper exploration than individual interviews in a relatively short session.

Sessions usually last about one hour, may be conducted in person or via online platforms, and require skilled facilitation to manage dynamics and ensure quieter participants contribute. Records are usually audio or video, with notes on nonverbal cues. Participants are recruited to represent relevant subgroups, and discussions are confidential.

MiniFGDs are cost- and time-efficient compared with larger FGDs, enabling faster data collection and more manageable analysis. They are particularly suited for formative research, pilot studies, or contexts with logistical constraints. They may also be used to triangulate findings from surveys.

Limitations include limited generalizability due to small, non-random samples; potential for dominance by outspoken participants; requirement for careful facilitator training; data analysis can be more intensive per participant. Ethical considerations include informed consent and privacy.