mikrohübriidsüsteem

A mikrohübriidsüsteem, or microhybrid system, is a type of automotive technology that enhances fuel efficiency and reduces emissions by incorporating a mild electric drive. Unlike full hybrid systems, which can propel the vehicle solely on electric power for extended periods, microhybrid systems primarily utilize an electric motor to assist the internal combustion engine. This assistance is typically employed during acceleration and deceleration phases.

The core components of a microhybrid system include a starter-generator, which serves as both an electric motor and a generator, and a small battery, often a 48-volt system. During braking, the starter-generator acts as a generator, capturing kinetic energy that would otherwise be lost as heat and storing it in the battery. This stored energy can then be used to power the electric motor, providing a torque boost to the engine when accelerating, thereby reducing the engine's workload and fuel consumption.

Furthermore, microhybrid systems often feature an enhanced start-stop function. When the vehicle comes to a halt, the internal combustion engine is completely shut off. The starter-generator then restarts the engine almost instantaneously when the driver releases the brake pedal or engages the clutch. This immediate restart capability distinguishes it from older, less sophisticated start-stop systems.

The benefits of a microhybrid system include improved fuel economy, particularly in urban driving conditions with frequent stopping and starting, and a reduction in CO2 emissions. They also contribute to a quieter driving experience during idle periods. While the electric assistance is less pronounced than in full hybrids, the integration of mild electrification offers a cost-effective way for manufacturers to meet increasingly stringent emissions regulations.