mikroCT

MikroCT (often written as Mikro-CT or MikroCT) refers to high-resolution X-ray computed tomography used to produce three-dimensional images of small objects. It resolves internal microstructure by collecting multiple radiographs as the specimen is rotated, enabling voxel sizes from a few micrometers to tens of micrometers. This non-destructive modality is widely used across disciplines including materials science, biology, paleontology, electronics, dentistry, and industrial quality control.

The technique relies on differences in X-ray attenuation within the sample to generate 2D projections, which are computationally reconstructed into a 3D volume. In addition to conventional absorption contrast, phase-contrast methods and contrast agents can enhance visualization of soft tissues and faint features. The resulting data support quantitative analyses such as porosity, pore size distribution, mineral density, trabecular architecture, fiber orientation, and defect characterization in composites and microelectronic components.

Typical MikroCT workflows involve careful specimen preparation, calibration and alignment, followed by scanning with appropriate exposure settings and rotation increments. The acquired projections are reconstructed using algorithms such as filtered back projection or iterative techniques. Post-processing includes noise reduction, segmentation, registration, and quantitative measurements, often followed by high-resolution 3D renderings.

Advantages of MikroCT include non-destructive, three-dimensional visualization with high spatial resolution and the ability to examine internal features without sectioning. Limitations may include long scan times, large data sizes, radiation exposure concerns for living specimens, and constraints on sample size or material translucency. MikroCT has developed since the late 20th century and remains a versatile tool in both research and industry. See also micro-computed tomography.