metodologjika

Metodologjika is a term used in Albanian scholarly discourse to denote the systematic study and application of the methods by which knowledge is produced in a given field. It encompasses the theoretical foundations, design choices, and evaluation criteria that guide research from question formulation to interpretation of findings. While closely related to methodology, metodologjika is often used to refer to the methodological dimension of a discipline—the rationale for selecting particular procedures and the logic of inquiry—rather than to the concrete techniques (methods) themselves.

The scope includes research design, epistemology, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and reporting. It addresses questions such as what counts as evidence, how data should be gathered, what constitutes valid inferences, and how bias and error are minimized. It also involves ethical considerations, quality assurance, and transparency, including preregistration, documentation, and replication practices.

Historically, metodologjika has roots in the philosophy of science and the development of scientific methods in the 17th–20th centuries, with later diversification into various paradigms. In contemporary scholarship it encompasses quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods approaches, and it may engage with debates about realism, constructivism, and pragmatism.

In practice, metodologjika informs the design of research projects, the choice of instruments and analyses, and the interpretation and reporting of results. It is taught in universities as part of research methods education and is essential for ensuring rigor, coherence, and credibility in scholarly work.