melanggar

Melanggar is a transitive Indonesian verb meaning to violate or breach a law, rule, agreement, or normative standard. It is used to indicate that someone or an entity does not comply with applicable norms or regulations. Common usages include melanggar hukum (to violate the law), melanggar aturan lalu lintas (to breach traffic rules), melanggar kontrak (to breach a contract), or melanggar kode etik (to violate an ethical code).

The word melanggar is formed with the prefix me- and the suffix -kan on the root langgar, which in core meaning can imply collision or hitting something; figuratively, melanggar conveys crossing a defined boundary or standard. The passive form is dilanggar, and the noun pelanggaran refers to the act of violating, while pelanggar denotes the violator or offending party.

In legal and administrative contexts, pelanggaran can be classified as administrative violations, typically carrying administrative sanctions, or criminal violations, falling under criminal law. Melanggar is often contrasted with menyalahi, another verb meaning to contravene or infringe, with nuances depending on whether the reference is to formal law or social norms. Related terms include pelanggaran hukum, pelanggaran peraturan, and pelanggaran hak, which specify the domain of the breach.

Across media and policy discussions, melanggar is used to describe actions that do not meet established requirements, potentially triggering penalties, disciplinary actions, or civil liability.