múridos

Muridae is a family of rodents that includes mice, rats, and gerbils. They are one of the largest families of mammals, with over 700 species distributed across the world. Murids are characterized by their relatively small size, long tails, and sharp incisors used for gnawing. They are found in a wide variety of habitats, from forests and grasslands to deserts and urban environments. Their diet is typically omnivorous, consisting of seeds, fruits, insects, and sometimes small vertebrates.

Murids play a significant role in ecosystems as both prey and seed dispersers. However, some species, particularly rats and mice, are considered pests due to their potential to damage crops, spread disease, and infest human dwellings. Their ability to adapt to diverse environments and reproduce quickly has contributed to their widespread success.

The family Muridae is divided into several subfamilies, each containing numerous genera and species. Examples include the Murinae subfamily, which encompasses most Old World rats and mice, and the Sigmodontinae subfamily, which includes New World rodents like cotton rats and rice rats. The evolutionary history of murids is extensive, with fossil evidence suggesting their origins date back to the Miocene epoch. Their adaptability and diverse adaptations have allowed them to thrive alongside humans for millennia.