lowliness

Lowliness is the state or quality of being low in self-importance, status, or pride. It is commonly described as humility or modesty, though in some contexts it can imply subservience or self-effacement. The noun lowliness is formed from the adjective lowly with the suffix -ness and has appeared in English for many centuries.

In religious and ethical contexts, lowliness is often treated as a virtue. In Christian thought, lowliness of mind is linked to service to others and the renunciation of ego, with scriptures such as Philippians 2:3-4 cited to illustrate this ideal. In other traditions, including parts of Buddhism and Islam, humility and restraint are valued as means to reduce ego, foster compassion, and maintain social harmony. In secular philosophy and psychology, humility is studied as a trait involving accurate self-assessment, openness to new information, and respect for others’ contributions. Lowliness as a social posture can be voluntary, strategic, or imposed by social hierarchies.

Social implications vary by context. In some cultures or professional settings, lowliness may be encouraged or expected, while in modern, competitive environments it can be seen as a weakness or exploitable trait if not balanced with assertiveness. Distinctions between humility and self-deprecation are often important for personal development and interpersonal effectiveness.

See also: humility, modesty, meekness, self-effacement.