loodusvarad
Loodusvarad, or natural resources, are materials and energy sources that occur naturally in the environment and are used to meet human needs. They can be categorized as renewable, such as sunlight, wind, water, biomass, forests, and soils, and non-renewable, including minerals, fossil fuels, and extractable metals. Loodusvarad provide energy, raw materials for industry, food, and a range of ecosystem services such as climate regulation, water purification, pollination, soil formation, and recreational value.
Economic activity depends on the availability and management of loodusvarad. Extraction and use create value, but
Policy and governance frameworks—often at national and regional levels—aim to regulate access, monitor extraction, and mitigate
Common loodusvarad categories include energy resources (fossil fuels, oil shale, uranium), minerals (metals and construction minerals),