liitäntävastus

Liitäntävastus, also known as contact resistance or interface resistance, refers to the electrical resistance encountered at the boundary between two conductive materials. This resistance arises due to imperfections on the surfaces of the conductors, such as oxides, contaminants, or microscopic irregularities. When two surfaces come into contact, the actual area of electrical conduction is often much smaller than the apparent macroscopic contact area.

The magnitude of liitäntävastus depends on several factors. These include the type of materials in contact, the applied pressure between them, the cleanliness of the surfaces, and the presence of any intervening insulating layers. Higher contact pressure generally reduces liitäntävastus by increasing the real area of contact. Surface preparation, such as cleaning or polishing, can also significantly lower this resistance.

Liitäntävastus can have important implications in various electrical and electronic applications. In connectors, switches, and relays, high liitäntävastus can lead to power loss, excessive heat generation, and signal degradation. In power systems, it can contribute to voltage drops and reduced efficiency. In sensitive electronic circuits, even small amounts of liitäntävastus can distort signals or cause malfunctions. Minimizing liitäntävastus is therefore a critical design consideration in many engineering fields. Techniques to reduce it include using conductive plating, ensuring good surface finish, and employing appropriate contact materials and designs.