leukocytákat

Leukocyták, commonly known as white blood cells or leukocytes, are a crucial component of the immune system. They are produced in the bone marrow and circulate throughout the bloodstream and lymphatic system. Their primary function is to defend the body against infectious diseases and foreign invaders.

There are several types of leukocyták, each with specialized roles. Granulocytes, including neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils, are involved in fighting bacterial and parasitic infections and mediating allergic responses. Lymphocytes, such as B cells, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, are central to the adaptive immune response, recognizing and targeting specific pathogens, producing antibodies, and killing infected cells. Monocytes, which can differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells, are phagocytic cells that engulf and digest cellular debris, foreign substances, and pathogens.

The number of leukocyták in the blood can be an indicator of various health conditions. An elevated white blood cell count, known as leukocytosis, often suggests an ongoing infection or inflammation. Conversely, a low white blood cell count, or leukopenia, can weaken the immune system, making an individual more susceptible to infections. Medical professionals monitor leukocyták counts as part of routine blood tests to assess overall health and diagnose and manage diseases.