lelectricitat

Lelectricitat is a form of energy associated with the presence and movement of electric charges. It covers static electricity and dynamic currents, and it manifests in phenomena such as electric fields, electromagnetism, and electrical power. In physics, electricity is closely linked to magnetism and is described by the laws of electromagnetism.

Historically, observations of electrical phenomena date back to ancient times, but practical use began in the 19th century with scientists such as Volta, Faraday, and Edison. The development of electrical generation, transmission, and distribution enabled modern power systems and the electrification of industry and households.

Electricity is typically produced at centralized power plants from diverse energy sources, including fossil fuels, hydro, nuclear, and, increasingly, wind and solar. Generated electricity is converted to high voltage for efficient long-distance transmission, then stepped down by transformers for local distribution to homes and businesses.

Electrical energy is delivered as alternating current in most grids, with devices converting it to useful work. Power is measured in watts; energy consumption is commonly expressed in kilowatt-hours. The grid requires balancing supply and demand, maintaining voltage and frequency within safe ranges.

Sustainability and safety are important aspects. Generating electricity has environmental implications depending on the energy mix, while safety standards and proper electrical codes reduce risks of shocks and fires. The sector continues to evolve with grid modernization, energy storage, and increasing shares of renewable sources.