latrunculus

Latrunculus is a genus of small, deep-sea sea cucumbers belonging to the family Psychropotidae. These marine invertebrates are part of the phylum Echinodermata, which also includes starfish, sea urchins, and brittle stars. Latrunculus species are primarily found in the deep ocean, often at depths exceeding 1,000 meters, where they inhabit soft substrates such as mud or sand.

The most well-known species in this genus is *Latrunculus alatus*, commonly referred to as the "winged sea cucumber." This species is notable for its distinctive, wing-like extensions along its body, which may aid in locomotion or sensory perception. Latrunculus species typically exhibit a cylindrical body with a leathery texture and a mouth surrounded by tube feet, though these are often reduced or absent in adults. Their coloration is usually pale, ranging from white to light gray or yellowish, though some species may display subtle patterns.

Latrunculus species play a role in deep-sea ecosystems, contributing to nutrient cycling through their feeding habits. They are detritivores, consuming organic matter from the seafloor, which helps break down dead material and recycle nutrients. Due to their deep-sea habitat, these organisms are rarely encountered in research or commercial fisheries, and much of their biology remains poorly understood.

The taxonomy of Latrunculus has been subject to revision, with some studies suggesting that certain species may belong to other genera or families. Molecular and morphological studies continue to clarify their evolutionary relationships within the broader context of echinoderms. Latrunculus species are not commercially exploited but are of interest to scientists studying deep-sea biodiversity and adaptation to extreme environments.