lastflöde

Lastflöde, often translated as "load flow" or "power flow," refers to the calculation of the voltage magnitude and phase angle at each bus in a power system under specified load and generation conditions. This analysis is a fundamental tool in the operation and planning of electrical power grids. The primary objective of lastflöde is to determine the steady-state operating conditions of the network, including real and reactive power flows through transmission lines and transformers, as well as the voltage levels at all connection points (buses).

The calculations are typically performed using iterative numerical methods, such as the Newton-Raphson method or the Fast Decoupled Load Flow. These methods solve a system of non-linear algebraic equations that represent the Kirchhoff's current laws and voltage laws applied to each bus in the network. The input data for a lastflöde study includes the network topology, the impedance of transmission lines and transformers, the specifications of generators (voltage magnitude, real power output), and the load demands (real and reactive power consumption) at each bus.

The results of a lastflöde study are crucial for identifying potential problems in the power system. These include overloaded transmission lines, voltage violations (too high or too low), and reactive power deficiencies. By analyzing these results, system operators can make informed decisions about dispatching generators, managing voltage profiles, and planning for network upgrades to ensure reliable and efficient power delivery. Lastflöde is also essential for contingency analysis, where the impact of potential equipment failures on the system's steady-state operation is evaluated.