landbirds

Landbirds, also known as terrestrial birds or ground birds, encompass a broad category of avian species that primarily inhabit terrestrial environments. This classification distinguishes them from aquatic birds such as waterfowl and seabirds, which are adapted for life in or around water. Landbirds are found in a wide array of habitats, including forests, grasslands, deserts, mountains, and urban areas. Their physical characteristics and behaviors are diverse, reflecting the varied ecological niches they occupy.

Many landbirds are adapted for foraging on the ground, in trees, or in the air, depending on their diet and hunting strategies. Their diets can range from insects, seeds, fruits, nectar, to small mammals and other birds. Nesting habits also vary greatly, with some species building nests in trees, shrubs, or on the ground, while others may utilize cavities or even human-made structures. The term "landbird" is a functional and ecological grouping rather than a strict taxonomic one. It includes a vast number of bird orders and families, such as passerines (songbirds), galliforms (like chickens and turkeys), and raptors (birds of prey). Understanding landbirds is crucial for studying terrestrial ecosystems and bird conservation efforts.